Rdonetsk national medical university named after M. Gorkiy medical psychology
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RDONETSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY named after M.Gorkiy MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY Methodical directions for self-preparation (for medical students) Donetsk – 2010 MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY. Methodical directions for self-preparation (for medical students) Abramov V.A., Ryapolova T.L., Golodenko O.M., Vasylyeva G.Yu. MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY. Methodical directions for self-preparation (for medical students). – Donetsk: 2010. – 32 p. It is intended for realization of the program-target approach to quality management of preparation of experts on medical psychology, the general psychopathology and private psychiatry. The purposes of each employment formulated, as professional skills are determined. Target tasks (training tasks) that allow the student to determine a degree of mastering of a theme are resulted. Methodical directions are designed for controlled self-preparation of students of medical faculties of higher educational institutions and are addition to corresponding manuals and textbooks. Recommended by DonNMU Academic Council (protocol №7, 22.10.2010) Abramov V.A., Ryapolova T.L., Golodenko O.M., Vasylyeva G.Yu. ^ Psychology is а science about the origin, development and manifestations of mentality. Mentality is а product of developing the living substance, subjective image of the objective world which serves for orientation in the surrounding world and controlling the behaviour. Mentality is the most perfect form of internal, subjective, ideal activities. The structure of the modern psychology is determined by the closely related forms of manifestation of mentality occurring in the process of active reflection of the objective world, mental processes, mental properties and conditions. The mental processes are the forms of the subjective reflection of the objective reality which help to perform cognition of the world, master knowledge, habits and skills. Some important processes are: cognitive (sensation, imagination) and emotional volitional (feeling, emotions, will). Psychology is subdivided into: general, individual and social. General psychology presents methods giving an opportunity to notice slight changes in the patients mental state, observe а course of disease step by step noticing positive and negative influence of methods of treatment. General psychology is further subdivided into: age, medical, engineering, space, military and other. Medical psychology is а field of psychology which studies regularities of developing and functioning mentality under conditions of the beginning and duration of the disease, treatment of the patients and using psychological factors in the process of treating, preventive and hygienic activities of the medical staff. The place of medical psychology in clinical medicine is determined by the object of research of these sciences, e.g. by sick person who has changed mentality in any disease. The basic points of contact of these sciences are the psychological peculiarities in doctor's conduct, correction of mentality while treating the patient and psychotherapeutic influence. Medical psychology is connected with all medical specialities (therapy, surgery, obstetrics, gynaecology, paediatrics, hygiene and others). It has some specific methods and thus it plays an important role in doctor's training in any speciality. A method is the way of activity organization directed to the achievement of the purpose. Before describing the methods used in medical psychology it is necessary to concentrate on the basic stages of experimental psychological examination. ^ are systematised according to comparative age peculiarities of mentality. There are the following aspects of psychohygiene: psychohygiene of childhood, play activity, education, training, sexual desire, youth, work, family, sexual life, marriage. Psychoprophylaxis is a complex of measures to prevent mental frustration and diseases (initial psychoprophylaxis), and also recurrences of the mental diseases (secondary psychoprophylaxis). Besides the mentioned ones, the especially important place in psychoprophylaxis is occupied by creation of correct dietary regimen and resting time, favourable psychological atmosphere at home, medical establishment and at work, psychotherapeutic training of all medical stuff and appropriate approach to the patients. General purpose: to learn the subject and tasks of medical psychology, to understand the importance of medical psychology in the doctor's activity and its connection with other sections of clinical medicine; to discuss the issue and tasks of psychohygiene, valeology, psychoprophylaxis, trend in social – labour rehabilitation.
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