Ecological factor in regulation of ukrainian international economic relations
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ECOLOGICAL FACTOR IN REGULATION OF UKRAINIAN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONSOlena Hryshchenko, Iryna Andrusenko, Vadym HryshchenkoSumy State University, Ukraine Internationalization of commercially-economic activity determines the necessity of the development of clear and effective mechanism of adjusting of Ukrainian international economic relations, taking into account an ecological factor that is carried out by the proper state and not state structures. The conducted analysis showed that basic directions of display of ecological factor in the international economic relations are: 1)trans-boundary transfer of contaminating matters, 2) common use of natural resources their contamination and exhaustion; 3) armed conflicts with the use of the newest technologies; 4) international trade which today is one of basic distribution channels of ecological danger. State adjusting of international economic relations taking into account an ecological factor, can be carried out by the certain aggregate of concrete methods, forms and instruments. All methods of the state adjusting of international economic relations can be divided into following groups: administrative and legal methods, direct and indirect economic methods and socially-psychological methods. Mechanism of state adjusting of Ukrainian international economic relations is possible to represent as complex of programmatic-co-ordinating, financial and economical, organizationally-economic and legal forms, methods, principles, instruments and levers which are used in practice of Ukrainian international economic relations (table 1). Its basic tasks are: 1) economic evaluation of consequences of exportation and importation unecological products, technologies, services and development of adjusting proper instruments; 2) account of ecological factors and limitations in a theory and practice of international trade, studying the influence of national eco-economical policy on competitiveness of national products, services and economic system on the whole; 3) theoretical grounding and development of proper international eco-economical policy (taking into account the requirements of steady development). Introduction of Ukrainian adjusting mechanism of international economic relations taking into account an ecological factor is foreseen in three stages: stage 1 – planning and preparation of measures; stage 2 – realization of the planned events; stage 3 – analysis and estimation of the attained results. Introduction of this mechanism must be based on principles of providing active participation of state in implementation of international agreements in relation to the guard of natural environment; active participation of state in international processes in relation to the obstacle to the trans-boundary moving of technologies, goods and services usage of which can entail harm to the environment and on principles of collaboration in the sphere of obstacle to illegal circulation of natural resources; equality of rights of all foreign economic activity participants, defense by the state of their rights and legal interests absence of discrimination; exception of unjustified intervention from the state and its organs in foreign economic activity, infliction of losses to their participants and economy of country in the whole. Table 1 – Principle scheme of the mechanism adjusting of Ukrainian international economic relations (taking into account an ecological factor)
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