A. Intensification of respiratory ferment
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1. A patient is followed up in an endocrinological dispensary on account of hyperthyreosis. Weight loss, tachycardia, finger tremor are accompanied by hypoxia symptoms - headache, fatigue, eye flicker. What mechanism of thyroid hormones action underlies the development of hypoxia? A. Intensification of respiratory ferment synthesis B. Inhibition of respiratory ferment synthesis C. Specific binding of active centres of respi ratory ferments D. Disjunction, oxydation and phosphorilati- on* E. Competitive inhibition of respiratory ferments 2. A laboratory received a material from a patient's wound. Ppreliminary diagnosis is gaseous gangrene. What microbiologi cal method should be applied to determine species of causative agent? A. Bacteriological* B. Allergic C. Serological D.RIA E. Bacterioscopic 3. A 4 y.o. child with signs of durative protei- nic starvation was admitted to the hospital. The signs were as follows: growth inhibition, anemia, edemata, mental deficiency. Choose a cause of edemata development: A. Reduced synthesis of albumins* B. Reduced synthesis of hemoglobin C. Reduced synthesis of glycoproteins D. Reduced synthesis of globulins E. Reduced synthesis of lipoproteins 4. A 45 y.o. patient consulted a doctor about plaque-shaped formation on his neck. Histological examination of biopsy skin material revealed tumourous cells of round and oval form with thin ring of basophilic cytoplasma that resemble of cells of basal epidermal layer. What tumour is it? A. Hydradenoma B. Epidermal cancer* C. Trichoepithelioma D. Basalioma E. Syringoadenoma 5. A boy is 7 y.o. Objectively: against the background of hyperemic skin there is knobby bright-pink rash on his forehead, neck, at the bottom of abdomen, in the popliteal spaces; nasolabial triangle is pale. Examination of oropharyngeal surface revealed localized bright-red hyperemia; tonsils are swollen, soft, lacunas contain pus, tongue is crimson. Cervical lymph nodes are enlarged, dense and painful. What is the most probable diagnosis? A. Rubella B. Scarlet fever* C. Infectious mononucleosis D. Whooping cough E. Diphtheria 6. A 45 y.o. woman suffers from Cushi- ng's syndrome - steroid diabetes. Biochemi cal examination revealed: hyperglycemia, hypochloremia. Which of the under mentioned processes is the first to be acti vated? A. Gluconeogenesis* B. Glycolysis C. Glycogenolysis D. Glucose transport to the cell E. Glucose reabsorption 7. Examination of an isolated cardiomyocyte revealed that it didn't generate excitation impulses automatically. This cardiomyocyte was obtained from: A. Sinoatrial node B. Purkinje's fibers , C. Ventricles* D. Atrioventricular node E. His' bundle 8. Inhabitants of territories with cold cli mate have high content of an adaptive thermoregulatory hormone. What hormone is meant? A. Insulin B. Glucagon C. Thyroxin* D. Cortisol E. Somatotropin 9. As a result of damage to certain structures of brainstem an animal lost orientation reflexes. What structures were damaged? A. Medial nuclei of reticular formation B. Quadritubercular bodies C. Black substance D. Red nuclei E. Vestibular nuclei* 10. According to the data of WHO, for about 250 mln of Earth population fall ill with malaria. This disease is mostly spread in tropical and subtropical regions. Range of its spread falls into the areal of the following mosquitoes: A. Aedes B. Mansonia C. Culex D. Culiseta E. Anopheles* 11. A 35 y.o. patient who often consumes alcohol was treated with diuretics. There appeared serious muscle and heart weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, AP- 100/60 mm Hg, depression. This condition is caused by intensified excretion with urine of: A. Potassium* B. Phosphates C. Chlorine D. Sodium E. Calcium 12. On the 6th day of treatment a pati ent with acute renal insufficiency developed polyuria. Diuresis intensification at the begi nning of polyuria stage of acute renal insuffi ciency is caused by: A. Growth of natriuretic factor B. Reduction of aldosteron content in plasma C. Reduction of vasopressin content in plasma D. Renewal of filtration in nephrons* E. Volume expansion of circulating blood 13. Osmotic pressure of a man's blood plasma is 350 mosmole/1 (standard pressure is 300 mosmole/1). First of all it will result in high secretion of the following hormone: A. Vasopressin* B. Adrenocorticotropin C. Cortisol D. Natriuretic E. Aldosteron 14. Neurological examination of a 65 y.o. patient revealed a haemorrhage within the superior temporal gyrus. In the blood supply area of which artery is it? A. Middle cerebral artery* B. Anterior communicating artery C. Anterior cerebral artery D. Basilar artery E. Posterior cerebral artery 15. A 32 y.o. man is tall, he has gynecomastia, adult woman pattern of hair distribution, hi gh voice, mental deficiency, sterility. Provisi onal diagnosis is Klinefelter's syndrome. In order to specify diagnosis it is necessary to analize: A. Leukogram B. Genealogy C. Blood group D. Spermatogenesis E. Caryotype* 16. A patient was diagnosed with active focal pulmonary tuberculosis. What drug should be prescribed in the first place? A. Ethionamide B. Isoniazid* C. Ethoxide D. Sulfalen E. Cyclocerine 17. Examination of a young man in the AI DS centre produced a positive result of immune-enzyme assay with HIV antigens. Patient's complaints about state of his health were absent. What can the positive result of immune-enzyme assay be evidence of? A. HIV infection B. Being infected with HBV C. Having had AIDS recently* D. Being ill with AIDS E. HBV persistence 18. RNA that contains AIDS virus penetrated into a leukocyte and by means of reverse transcriptase forced a cell to synthetize a viral DNA. This process is based upon: A. Operon repression B. Operon depression C. Reverse transcription* D. Convariant replication E. Reverse translation 19. A patient is ill with diabetes mellitus that is accompanied by hyperglycemia of over 7,2 millimole/1 on an empty stomach. The level of what blood plasma protein allows to esti mate the glycemia rate retrospectively (4-8 weeks before examination)? A. Ceruloplasmin B. Glycated hemoglobin* C. Fibrinogen D. Albumin E. C-re active protein 20. A sportsman was recommended to take a medication that contains carnitine in order to improve his results. What process is acti vated by carnitine the most? A. Synthesis of ketone bodies B. Synthesis of steroid hormones C. Tissue respiration D. Fatty acids transport to mitochondrions* E. Synyhesis of lipids 21. A patient consulted a doctor about bowels disfunction. The doctor establi shed symptoms of duodenitis and enteritis. Laboratory examination helped to make the following diagnosis: lambliosis. What medi cation should be administered? A. Tetracycline B. Monomycin C. Metronidazole* D. Erythromycin E. Chingamin 22. A man took a quiet expiration. Name an air volume that is meanwhile contained in his lungs: A. Expiratory reserve volume B. Functional residual capacity C. Residual volume D. Vital lung capacity E. Respiratory volume 23. During pubescence the cells of male sexual glands begin to produce male sex hormon testosterone that calls forth secondary sexual characters. What cells of male sexual glands produce this hormone? A. Sertoli's cells B. Leidig cells* C. Sustentocytes D. Spermatozoa E. Supporting cells 24. A 16 y.o. boy from a countryside entered an educational establishment. Scheduled Manteux test revealed that the boy had negative reaction. What are the most reasonable actions in this case? A. To isolate the boy temporarily from his mates B. To perform serodiagnostics of tuberculosis C. To perform BCG vaccination* D. To perform rapid Price diagnostics 7| yfy E. To repeat the reaction in a month 25. Autopsy of a 56 y.o. man revealed in the right temporal part of brain a big focus of softened grey matter that was semi-liquid and light grey. Arteries of cerebral tela contain multiple whitish-yellow thickenings of intima that abruptly narrow the lumen. What is your diagnosis? A. Brain edema B. Brain abscess C. Hemorrhage D. Hemorrhagic infarction E. Ischemic stroke* 26. Autopsy of a man who died from chronic cardiovascular collapse revealed "tiger heart". Sidewards of endocardium a yellowish-white banding can be seen; myocardium is dull, dark-yellow. What process caused this pathology? A. Fatty parenchymatous degeneration* B. Hyaline degeneration C. Carbohydrate degeneration D. Fatty vascular-stromal degeneration E. Amyloidosis 27. Labeled aminoacids alanine and tryptophane were introducted to a mouse in order to study localization of protein biosynthesis in its cells. Around what organellas will the accumulation of labeled aminoacids be observed? A. Ribosomes* B. Golgi apparatus C. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum < D. Cell centre E. Lysosomes 28. 48 hours after performing tuberculin test (Mantoux test) to a child a 10 mm papule appeared on the spot of tuberculin introduction. What hypersensi- tivity mechanism underlies these changes? A. Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity* B. Granulomatosis C. Cellular cytotoxicity D. Immune complex cytotoxicity E. Anaphylaxis 29. A patient who has been suffering from cardiac insufficiency for several months has been taking digoxin on an outpatient basis. At a certain stage of treatment there appeared symptoms of drug overdose. What phenomenon underlies the development of this complication? A. Functional cumulation B. Tachyphylaxis C. Habituation D. Sensibilization E. Material cumulation* 30. Examination of a patient revealed reduced contents of magnesium ions that are necessary for attachment of ribosomes to the granular endoplasmatic reticulum. It is known that it causes disturbance of protein biosynthesis. What stage of protein biosynthesis will be disturbed? A. Aminoacid activation B. Translation* C. Termination D. Replication E. Transcription 31. A child complains of general weakness, loss of appetite, a troubled sleep, itching in the perianal area. The provisional diagnosis is enterobiasis. In order to specify this di agnosis it is necessary to perform: A. Roentgenoscopy B. Duodenal contents analysis C. Scraping from perianal folds* D. Immune diagnostics E. Biopsy of muscle tissue 32. In some regions of South Africa there is a spread sickle-shaped cell anemia, in whi ch erythrocytes have shape of a sickle as a result of substitution of glutamin by valine in the hemoglobin molecule. What is the cause of this disease? A. Genomic mutations B. Crossingover C. Gene mutation* D. Transduction E. Disturbance of mechanisms of genetic information realization 33. A patient suffers from vision impairment - hemeralopy (night blindness). What vi tamin preparation should be administered the patient in order to restore his vision? A. Thiamine chloride B. Tocopherol acetate C. Retinol acetate* D. Vicasol E. Pyridoxine 34. A patient presents high activity of LDi/12, aspartate aminotransferase, creati- ne phosphokinase. In what organ (organs) is the development of a pathological process the most probable? A. In the heart muscle (initial stage of myocardium infarction)* B. In skeletal muscles (dystrophy, atrophy) C. In kidneys and adrenals D. In liver and kidneys E. In connective tissue 35. A woman who has been keeping to a clean-rice diet for a long time was diagnosed with polyneuritis (beriberi). What vitamin deficit results in development of this di sease? I A. Thiamine* B. Pyridoxine C. Ascorbic acid D. Folic acid E. Riboflavin 36. Colonoscopy of a patient ill with dysentery revealed that mucous membrane of his large intestine is hyperemic, edematic, its surface was covered with grey-and-green coats. Name the morphological form of dysenteric collitis: A. Ulcerous B. Purulent C. Necrotic • D. Fibrinous E. Catarrhal* 37. A 70 y.o. man has cut an abscess off in the area of mammiform process duri ng shaving. Two days later he was admi tted to the hospital with inflammation of arachnoid membranes. How did the infecti on penetrate into the cavity of skull? A. V.v.auriculares B. V.v.labyrinthi C. V.facialis D. V.v .tympanicae E. V.emissariae mastoideae* 38. 24 hours after appendectomy blood of a patient presents neutrophilic leukocytosis with regenerative shift. What is the most probable mechanism of leukocytosis development? A. Amplification of leucopoiesis* B. Decelerated leukocyte destruction C. Redistribution of leukocytes in the organi sm D. Deceleratied emigration of leukocytes to the tissues E. Amplification of leukopoiesis and decelerated emigration of leukocytes to the tissues 39. Examination of cell culture got from a patient with lysosomal pathology revealed accumulation of great quantity of lipids in the lysosomes. What of the following di seases is this disturbance typical for? A. Phenylketonuria B. Galactosemia C. Gout D. Tay-Sachs disease* E. Wilson disease 40. A group of mountain climbers went through the blood analysis at the height of 3000 m. It revealed decrease of ^ to 15 micromole/1 (standard is 22-26 micromole/1). What is the mechanism of HCO3 decrease? A. Hypoventilation B. Intensification of acidogenesis C. Hyperventilation* D. Decrease of bicarbonate reabsorption in kidneys E. Decrease of ammoniogenesis 41. A patient ill with diabetes mellitus felt acute pain in his right foot. Objectively: foot thumb is black, foot tissues are edematous, there are foci of epidermis desquamation, stinking discharges. What clinicopathologi- cal form of necrosis is it? A. Infarction B. Dry gangrene C. Moist gangrene* D. Bedsore E. Sequestrum 42. Power inputs of a boy increased from 500 to 2000 kJ pro hour. What can be the cause of it? A. Food intake B. Raise of outer temperatute C. Mental activity D. Transition from sleep to wakefulness E. Physical exercise* 43. For the preparation of a patient's burn skin surface a certain medication was used. Its antiseptic action is provided by free oxygen that segregates in presence of organic substances. Choose the right answer: A. Potassium permanganate* B. Chlorhexidine C. Sodium bicarbonate D. Boric acid E. Furacilin 44. Bacteriological examination of a patient with food poisoning required inoculation of a pure culture of bacteria with the following properties: gram-negative movable bacillus that grows in the Endo's medium in form of colourless colonies. A representative of whi ch species caused this disease? A.^ B. Salmonella* C. Shigella D. Citrobacter E. Iersinia 45. A lymph node punctate of a patient wi th suspected protozoal disease was exami ned. Examination of the stained speci men (Romanovsky's stain) revealed some crescent bodies with pointed end, blue cytoplasm and red nucleus. What protozoan were revealed in the smears? A. Viscerotropic leishmania B. Toxoplasms C. Trypanosomes* D. Malarial plasmodiums E. Dermotropic leishmania 46. Long-term starvation cure of a pati ent resulted in diminished ratio of albumi- nes and globulines in plasma. What of the following will be result of these changes? A. Decrease of hematocrit B. Increase of hematocrit C. Decrease of ESR* D. Hypercoagulation E. Increase of ESR 47. Histological examination of a 40 y.o. man's thymus revealed decreased share of parenchymatous gland elements, increased share of adipose and loose connective ti ssue, its enrichment with thymus bodies. The organ's mass was unchanged. What phenomenon is it? A. Accidental involution B. Atrophy C. Dystrophy D. Hypotrophy E. Age involution* 48. A patient who suffers from cancer of back of tongue has an intense bleeding as a result of affection of dorsal lingual artery by the tumour. What vessel should be ligated to stop bleeding? A. Facial artery B. Dorsal lingual artery C. Ascending pharyngeal artery D. Lingual artery* E. Deep lingual artery 49. In course of indirect histogenesis of tubular bone tissue a plate is formed between epiphyseal and diaphyseal ossi fication centres that provides further lengthwise growth of bones. What structure is it? A. Osseous plate B. Metaphyseal plate* C. Osteon D. Osseous cuff E. Layer of interior general plates 50. A man with cut wound of his right foot sole was admitted to the hospital ward. The patient has limited elevation of the lateral foot edge. In course of wound management the injury of a muscle tendon was revealed. What muscle is injured? A. Triceps muscle of crus B. Long extensor muscle of toes C. Long peroneal* D. Short peroneal E. Anterior tibial 51. After resection of the middle third of femoral artery obliterated by a thromb the lower extremity is supplied with blood due to the surgical bypass. Name an artery that plays the main role in reestablishment of blood flow: A. Deep femoral artery* B. Deep external pudendal artery C. Descending genicular artery D. Superficial circumflex artery of hip bone E. Superficial epigastric artery 52. An experimental animal was first sensi- bilized whereupon an antigen dose was introduced subcutaneously. This injection resulted in the development of a fibri- nous inflammation with alteration of vessel walls, basal substance and fibrous structures of connective tissue in form of mucoid and fibrinoid swelling and necrosis. What immunological reaction took place? A. Immediate hypersensitivity B. Granulomatosis C. Reaction of transplantation immunity D. Delayed-type hypersensitivity* E. Normergic reaction 53. Autopsy of a patient who suffered from croupous pneumonia and died from pneumococcal sepsis revealed 900 ml of turbid greenish-yellow liquid in the ri ght pleural cavity. Pleural leaves are dull, plephoric. Name the clinicopathological form of inflammation in the pleural cavi ty: A. Acute abscess B. Empyema* C. Phlegmon D. Fibrinous inflammation E. Chronic abscess 54. A patient was delivered to the hospi tal by an emergency team. Objectively: grave condition, unconscious, adynamy. Cutaneous surfaces are dry, eyes are sunken, face is cyanotic. There is tachycardia and smell of acetone from the mouth. Analysis results: blood glucose - 20,1 micromole/1 (standard is 3,3-5,5 micromole/1), urine glucose - 3,5% (standard is - 0). What is the most probable diagnosis? A. Hypoglycemic coma B. Acute heart failure C. Anaphylactic shock D. Hyperglycemic coma* E. Acute alcoholic intoxication 55. A patient has a disturbed absorbtion of fat hydrolysates. It might have been caused by a deficit in the small intestine cavity: A. Of bile pigments B. Of sodium ions C. Of bile acids* D. Of lipolytic enzymes E. Of liposoluble vitamins 56. An injured man has bleeding from branches of carotid artery. For a temporary arrest of bleeding it is necessary to press the carotid artery to the tubercle of a cervical vertebra. Which vertebra is it? A. VI* B. II CIV D.III E.V 57. Reaction of passive hemagglutination conducted with erythrocytic typhoid Vi- diagnosticum helped to reveal some anti bodies in the dilution of the patient's serum at a ratio of 1:80 that exceeds the diagnostic titer. Such result witnesses of: A. Typhoid fever recurrence B. Being a potential carrier of typhoid bacilli* C. Being ill with acute typhoid fever D. Incubation period of typhoid fever E. Reconvalescence of a patient ill with typhoid fever 58. A patient with clinical presentati ons of immunodeficiency went through immunological examinations. They revealed significant loss of cells that form rosettes wi th erythrocytes of a ram. What conclusion can be made according to the analysis data? A. Decrease of natural killer cell rate B. Decrease of T-lymphocytes rate* C. Insufficiency of effector cells of humoral immunity D. Decrease of B-lymphocytes rate E. Decrease of complement system rate 59. Examination of a 60 y.o. patient revealed hyperglycemia and glucosuria. A doctor administered him a medication for internal use. What medication is it? A. Oxytocin B. Corglycon C. Furosemide D. Pancreatine E. Glibenclamid* 60. In order to estimate toxigenity of di phtheria agents obtained from patients the cultures were inoculated on Petri dish with nutrient agar on either side of a filter paper strip that was put into the centre and moi stened with antidiphtheric antitoxic serum. After incubation of inoculations in agar the strip-like areas of medium turbidity were found between separate cultures and the strip of filter paper. What immunological reaction was conducted? A. Opsonization reaction B. Coomb's test C. Agglutination reaction D. Rings precipitation reaction E. Precipitation gel reaction* * 61. A woman with /// (B), Rh blood group born a child with // (A) blood group. The child is diagnosed with hemolytic disease of newborn as a result of rhesus incompatibi lity. What blood group is the child's father likely to have? A. / (0), Rh+ B. /// (B), Rh+ C. / (0), Rfr D. // (A), Rh~ E. // (A), Rh+* 62. A 12 y.o. boy who suffers from bronchial asthma has an acute attack of asthma: evi dent expiratory dyspnea, skin pallor. What type of alveolar ventilation disturbance is it? A. Central B. Neuromuscular C. Throracodiaphragmatic D. Restrictive E. Obstructive* 63. A patient diagnosed with carcinoid of bowels was admitted to the hospi tal. Analysis revealed high production of serotonin. It is known that this substance is formed of tryptophane aminooacid. What biochemical mechanism underlies this process? A. Microsomal oxydation B. Formation of paired compounds C. Desamination D. Decarboxylation* E. Transamination 64. Examination of a patient revealed an abscess of pterygopalatine fossa. Where can the infection spread to unless the disease is managed in time? A. To the orbit B. To the subgaleal temporal space C. To the tympanic cavity D. To the interpterygoid space* E. To the frontal sinus 65. Examination of a man established that cardiac output equaled 3500 ml, systolic output - 50 ml. What is the man's heart rate pro minute? A. 60 B.90 C.50 D.80 E.70* 66. A 40 y.o. patient complains of intensive heartbeats, sweating, nausea, vision impai rment, arm tremor, hypertension. From his anamnesis: 2 years ago he was diagnosed wi th pheochromocytoma. Hyperproduction of what hormones causes the given pathology? A. ACTH B. Thyroid hormones C. Aldosterone D. Glucocorticoids E. Catecholamines* 67. Mucous membrane of the right palati ne tonsil has a painless ulcer with smooth lacquer fundus and regular cartilagenous edges. Microscopically: inflammatory infi ltration that consists of lymphocytes, plasmocytes, a small number of neutrophi- ls and epithelioid cells; endovasculitis and perivasculitis. What disease is it? A. Actinomycosis B. Pharyngeal diphtheria C. Ulcerous necrotic Vincent's angina D. Tuberculosis E. Syphilis* 68. For trie purpose of retrtospective di agnostics of recent bacterial dysentery it was decided to perform serological examination of blood serum in order to determine anti body titer towards Shiga bacilli. What of the following reactions should be applied? A. Passive hemagglutination* B. Bordet-Gengou test C. Hemolysis D. Precipitation E. Bacteriolysis 69. Autopsy of a 48 y.o. man revealed a round formation 5 cm in diameter with clear-cut outlines in the region of the 1st segment of his right lung. This formation was encircled with a thin layer of connective tissue full of white brittle masses. Make a di agnosis of the secondary tuberculosis form: A. Fibrous cavernous tuberculosis* B. Tuberculoma C. Acute focal tuberculosis D. Caseous pneumonia E. Acute cavernous tuberculosis 70. A man's intrapleural pressure is being measured. In what phase did the man hold his breath, if his pressure is 7,5 cm Hg? A. Forced expiration B. Quiet inspiration C. D. Quiet expiration* E. Forced inspiration 71. In the surgical department of a hospital there was an outbreak of hospital infecti on that showed itself in often postoperative wound abscesses. Bacteriological examinati on of pus revealed aurococcus. What exami nation shall be conducted to find out the source of this causative agent among the department personnel? A. Serologi'caf identification B. Microscopical examination C. Phagotyping* D. Biochemical identification E. Estimation of antibiotic susceptibility 72. Heart rate of a man permanently equals 40 beats pro minute. What is the pacemaker? A. His' bundle B. Purkinje's fibers C. His' bundle branches D. Sinoatrial node E. Atriventricular node* 73. A 4 y.o. boy has had recently seri ous viral hepatitis. Now there are such clinical presentations as vomiting, loss of consciousness, convulsions. Blood analysis revealed hyperammoniemia. Disturbunce of which biochemical process caused such pathological condition of the patient? A. Disturbed neutralization of ammonia in liver* B. Inhibition of transamination enzyms C. Increased putrefaction of proteins in bowels D. Activation of aminoacid decarboxylation E. Disturbed neutralization of biogenic amines 74. An experimental rat with extremity paralysis has no tendon and cutaneous reflexes, muscle tone is decreased, but muscles of the affected extremity maintain their ability to react with excitation to the di rect action of continious current. What type of paralysis is it? A. Spastic peripheral B. Spastic central C. Extrapyramidal D. Flaccid peripheral E. Flaccid central* 75. Autopsy of a 58 y.o. man revealed that bicuspid valve was deformed, thickened and unclosed. Microscopically: foci of collagen fibrilla are eosinophilic, react positively to fibrin. The most probably it is: A. Fibrinoid swelling* B. Fibrinous inflammation C. Hyalinosis D. Mucoid swelling E. Amyloidosis 76. In course of an operation surgeon removed a part of a lung that was venti lated by a tertiary bronchus accompanied by branches of pulmonary artery and other vessels. What part of a lung was removed? A. Middle lobe ^ C. Superior lobe D. Inferior lobe E. Pulmonary lobule 77. Vitamin A deficit results in the impai rment of twilight vision. Name the cells that have the above-mentioned photoreceptor function: A. Ganglion neurocytes B. Rod receptor cell* C. Cone receptor cells D. Horizontal neurocytes E. Bipolar neurons 78. Microscopical examination of a removed appendix revealed an edema, diffuse neutrophilic infiltration of appendix wall along with necrosis and defect of mucous membrane with affection of its muscle plate. What appendicitis form was developed? A. Gangrenous B. Ulcerophlegmonous C. Apostematous D. Superficial E. Phlegmonous* 79. Introduction of a pharmaceutical substance to an experimental animal resulted in reduction of salivation, pupil mydriasis. Next intravenous introduction of acetylcholine didn't lead to any significant changes of heart rate. Name this substance: A. Proserin B. Atropine* C. Propranolol D. Adrenaline E. Salbutamol 80. Examination of a 43 y.o. anephric pati ent revealed anemia symptoms. What is the cause of these symptoms? A. Folic acid deficit B. Iron deficit C. Reduced synthesis of erythropoietins* D. Vitamin B12 deficit E. Enhanced destruction of erythrocytes 81. Examination of a newborn boy's geni tals revealed a cleft of urethra that opens on the inferior surface of his penis. What developmental anomaly is it? A. Cryptorchism B. Epispadia C. Monorchism D. Hermaphroditism E. Hypospadia* 82. A patient ill with collagenesis has been taking prednisolone for a long time. Hypokaliemia development caused spastic pain of skeletal muscles. What medication should be used in order to correct potassium exchange? A. Dithylinum B. Panangin* C. Thyrocalcitonin D. Diazepam E. Noshpa 83. From pharynx of a child with suspected diphtheria a pure culture of microorgani sms was isolated. Their morphological, ti nctorial, cultural and biochemical properti es appeared to be typical for diphtheria causative agents. What study should be conducted in order to drow a conclusion that this is a pathogenic diphtheria bacillus? A. Estimation of proteolytic properties B. Estimation of urease activity C. Estimation of cystinous activity D. Estimation of ability to decompose starch E. Estimation of toxigenic properties* 84. A man was admitted to the hospital on the 5th day of disease that manifested itself by jaundice, muscle aching, chill, nose bleedings. In course of laboratory diagnosti cs a bacteriologist performed dark-field mi croscopy of the patient's blood drop. Name a causative agent of this disease: A. ^ B. Bartonella bacilloformis C. Calyrnmatobacterium granulomatis D. Rickettsia mooseri E. Borrelia dutlonii 85. Nappies of a newborn have dark spots that witness of formation of homogenti- sic acid. Metabolic imbalance of which substance is it connected with? A. Methionine B. Thyrosine* C. Galactose D. Tryptophane E. Cholesterine 86. 12 hours after an accute attack of retrosternal pain a patient presented a jump of aspartate aminotransferase activity in blood serum. What pathology is this devi ation typical for? A. Myocardium infarction* B. Viral hepatitis C. Diabetes mellitus D. Collagenosis E. Diabetes insipidus 87. A peripheral segment of vagus nerve on a dog's neck was being stimulated in course of an experiment. The following changes of cardiac activity could be meanwhile observed: A. Heart rate and heart force amplification B. Enhancement of atrioventricular conduction C. Heart rate fall* D. Heart hurry E. Increased excitability of myocardium 88. A 39 y.o. woman went through an operation in course of which surgeons removed her uterine tube that was enlarged and a part of an ovary with a big cyst. Histological examination of a tube wall revealed decidual cells, chorion villi. What was the most probable diagnosis made after examination of the uterine tube? A. Tubal pregnancy* B. Placental polyp C. Papyraceous fetus D. Lithopedion E. Choriocarcinoma 89. A forensic medical expert examines the body of a 58 y.o. man who had been consuming large amounts of alcochol for a long time and died at home. Microscopicaly: the right lung is dense and enlarged, its inci sion revealed that the tissue is greyish and homogenous, pleura is covered with greyi sh layers. Microscopically - alveolar caviti es contain fibrin, hemolyzed erythrocytes. Make a diagnosis: A. Focal pneumonia B. Caseous pneumonia C. Interstitial pneumonia D. Primary pulmonary tuberculosis E. Croupous pneumonia* 90. A 40 y.o. woman was admitted to the infectious diseases department with hi gh body temperature. Objectively: evident meningeal symptoms. A spinal cord puncti- on was made. What anatomic formation was punctured? A. ^ B. Spatium subdurale C. Spatium epidurale D. Spatium subarachnoideum* E. Cavum trigeminale 91. A patient with II stage hypertension has been taking one of hypotensive medications for the purpose of treatment. After a time arterial pressure decreased, but the patient started complaining of flaccidity, sleepiness, indifference. A bit later he felt stomach pain. He was diagnosed with ulcer. What hypotensive medication has the patient been taking? A. Captopril B. Dibazole C. Reserpine* D. Furosemide E. Verapamil 92. A patient had to go through an operati on. Doctors introduced him dithylinum (listenone) and performed intubation. After the end of operation and cessation of anesthesia the independent respirati on wasn't restored. Which enzyme deficit prolongs the action of muscle relaxant? A. Psendocholinesterase* B. K-iVa-adenosine triphosphatase C. iV-acetyltransferase D. Succinate dehydrogenase E. Carbanhydrase 93. Ammonia is a very toxic substance, especially for nervous system. What substance takes the most active part in ammonia detoxication in brain tissues? A. Glutamic acid* B. Alanine GProline D. Histidine E. Lysine 94. A child's blood presents high content of galactose, glucose concentration is low. There are such presentations as cataract, mental deficiency, adipose degeneration of liver. What disease is it? A. Galactosemia* B. Steroid diabetes C. Lactosemia D. Diabetes niellitus E. Fructosemia 95. In course of an experiment a big number of column cells of red bone marrow was in some way destructed. Regeneration of whi ch cell populations in the loose connective tissue will be inhibited? A. Of fibroblasts B. Of pericytes C. Of pigment cells D. Of lipocytes E. Of macrophags* 96. 6 months after delivery a woman had uterine bleeding. Gynecological examinati on revealed in the uterine cavity a dark-red tissue with multiple cavities that resembled of "sponge". Microscopic examination of the tumour revealed some atypic light epi thelial Langhans cells and giant cells of cyncytiotrophoblast in blood lacunas. What tumour is it? A. Vesicular mole B. Fibromyoma C. Adenocarcinoma D. Squamous cell nonkeratinous carcinoma E. Chorioepithelioma* 97. A 50 y.o. patient with chronic cardi ac insufficiency and tachyarrythmia was prescribed a cardiotonic drug. What drug was prescribed? A. Dobutamine B. Mildronate C. Amyodarone D. Digoxin* E. Dopamine 98. A young man consulted a doctor about disturbed urination. Examination of his external genitals revealed that urethra is split on top and urine runs out of this opening. What anomaly of external genitals development is the case? A. Paraphimosis B. Epispadia* C. Hypospadia D. Hermaphroditism E. Phimosis 99. Violation of safety rules resulted in calomel intoxication. Two days later the daily diuresis was 620 ml. A patient experienced headache, vomiting, convulsi ons, dyspnea, moist rales in lungs. What pathology is it? A. Acute renal insufficiency* B. Chronic renal insufficiency C. Uraemic coma D. Pyelonephritis E. Glomerulonephritis 100. A patient has a transverse disruption of spinal cord below the IV thoracic segment. What changes of respiration will it cause? A. Respiration will become more frequent B. Respiration will stay unchanged* C. Respiration will stop D. Respiration will become less frequent E. Respiration will become deeper 101. A patient with a stab wound of the anterior stomach wall is in surgical care. What formation of abdominal cavity did the stomach contents get into? A. Right mesenteric sinus B. Hepatic bursa C. Omental bursa D. Left mesenteric sinus E. Antegastrial bursa* 102. A patient with infectious mononucleosis has been taking glucocorticoids for two weeks. He was brought into remission, but he fell ill with acute attack of chronic tonsillitis. What action of glucocorticoids caused this complication? A. Anti-inflammatory B. Immunosuppressive* C. Antiallergic D. Antishock E. Antitoxic |
